Preschool math is not really complicated, and does not involve a lot of complex stuff, as kids need to understand the basics before they can get to the complex things. Spatial relationships and the concept of numbers are where things start. So, when attempting to teach preschool math, start with things like relationships of things, higher, lower, in front of, behind, larger, smaller, equal, horizontal, vertical, parallel, odd, and even. The following is a guide to preschool math:
Numbers: In order to help kids understand numbers, you have to count. Start by counting things that are part of their everyday life. For example, ask them things like, “How many shoes do you have?’ Ask them to count basics. Give them some goldfish as a snack, and have them count them out. You can practice order and have them memorize counting to ten etc. but in order for them to really understand numbers, they have to see how those numbers translate into real life. If you can help them understand this, they will do much better with math in the future.
Geometry and Spatial Relations: For this part you want to basically offer the preschooler a whole bunch of different sized items that are the same. For example, you might have a skinny rectangle, a fat rectangle, a big rectangle, a small rectangle. Choosing shapes that are easy to identify are a great place to start. For example, you might use a triangle, and put it upside down, or sideways so that they can identify what it is, and realize that no matter what size it is, or what direction it is, it is still a triangle, or a square, or a rectangle, or whatever the case may be.
Measurement: For this part of preschool math, you want to try things like showing a big book and a smaller book. Help them understand measurements by identifying which book is bigger, how much bigger etc. You can try things like showing a distance or space, and providing varying sized rulers, etc. and ask them to identify which one will bridge the distance. Help them comprehend the idea of distance and measurement.
Patterns/Geometry: The best way to teach this is to ask kids to identify different patterns. For example, you might show two shirts with polka dots, and have one with smaller polka dots, and one with larger polka dots. Help them understand how different colors and sizes can be different patterns. Ask kids to reproduce the various patterns they see.
Analyzing Data: A big part of math is analyzing things. One of the best things you can do to help kids understand that is simply provide them with materials and ask them to sort them. You can give them a set of ten dinosaurs, where five are big and five are small; where three are red, three are yellow, and three are green. Then ask them to sort by color to start. Then ask them to sort by size.